Immunology Archives • LITFL https://litfl.com/category/medical-specialty/immunology/ Emergency medicine education and critical care education blog Sun, 12 Apr 2026 12:57:00 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.0 https://litfl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/cropped-LITFL-Logo-Square-516-TR-100x100.png Immunology Archives • LITFL https://litfl.com/category/medical-specialty/immunology/ 32 32 124409178 Alpha-Gal Syndrome https://litfl.com/alpha-gal-syndrome/ https://litfl.com/alpha-gal-syndrome/#respond Sun, 12 Apr 2026 23:00:00 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=319594 Prof Pete Smith and Mike Cadogan Alpha-Gal Syndrome

Alpha-gal syndrome explained: tick bites, delayed red meat allergy, cetuximab anaphylaxis, and the clues that linked them.

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Max Samter https://litfl.com/max-samter/ https://litfl.com/max-samter/#respond Fri, 05 Dec 2025 14:35:00 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=318346 Thomas Dean and Mike Cadogan Max Samter

Max Samter (1908–1999), German born, American allergist. “Samter’s triad”—asthma, nasal polyps, and severe reactions to aspirin

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William H. Park https://litfl.com/william-h-park/ https://litfl.com/william-h-park/#respond Fri, 30 May 2025 01:30:00 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=226506 Emma Holland and Mike Cadogan William H. Park

William H. Park (1863–1939), NYC bacteriologist who advanced diphtheria antitoxin, milk safety, and defined ethical dilemmas in the case of Typhoid Mary.

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Anna Williams https://litfl.com/anna-w-williams/ https://litfl.com/anna-w-williams/#respond Sat, 05 Apr 2025 12:05:00 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=222453 Emma Holland and Mike Cadogan Anna Williams

Anna Wessels Williams (1863–1954), American bacteriologist and public health pioneer, advanced diphtheria treatment and women in medicine

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Karl Landsteiner https://litfl.com/karl-landsteiner/ https://litfl.com/karl-landsteiner/#respond Thu, 18 Jul 2024 04:27:00 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=287955 Mike Cadogan Karl Landsteiner

Karl Landsteiner (1868-1943) revolutionized medicine with the discovery of blood groups and the Rh factor, laying the foundation for modern transfusion and immunology.

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AMAX4 Algorithm https://litfl.com/amax4-algorithm/ https://litfl.com/amax4-algorithm/#comments Sun, 11 Jun 2023 14:03:35 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=262815 Neil Long and Chris Nickson AMAX4 Algorithm

AMAX4 is a best-practice algorithm for critical care clinicians in anaphylaxis and asthma resuscitation.

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Palmaris slapus abdominus https://litfl.com/palmaris-slapus-abdominus/ https://litfl.com/palmaris-slapus-abdominus/#respond Sun, 14 Apr 2019 05:59:08 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=197639 Mike Cadogan Palmaris slapus abdominus

The world of urticarial pathophysiology and dermal manifestations of allergy and urticaria has always fascinated me – although I have found that clinically defining some of the finer sub-divisions allergic and non-allergic urticarias can be a little taxing (see causes mnemonic FIT MID CHIMP) To add more confusion to the mix, I thought I might introduce some […]

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Food allergy amplification all the RAGE https://litfl.com/food-allergy-amplification-all-the-rage/ https://litfl.com/food-allergy-amplification-all-the-rage/#respond Wed, 10 Apr 2019 07:14:14 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=197660 Mike Cadogan Food allergy amplification all the RAGE

Could false alarmin be the missing link in the rise of food allergies and the anaphylactic march?

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Australian Anaphylaxis Amplification https://litfl.com/australian-anaphylaxis-amplification/ https://litfl.com/australian-anaphylaxis-amplification/#respond Tue, 09 Apr 2019 07:14:09 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=197659 Mike Cadogan Australian Anaphylaxis Amplification

Anaphylaxis is increasingly common. The patient population death rate for anaphylaxis is Australia in 2013 was over double that reported in the UK

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Palpable Excitement https://litfl.com/palpable-excitement/ https://litfl.com/palpable-excitement/#respond Mon, 07 Jan 2019 11:17:57 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=189532 Mike Cadogan Palpable Excitement

A 76 year-old man presents with a florid spreading violaceous rash over most of his body - Palpable Purpura - What is your differential diagnosis?

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Sulfa Drug Discombobulation https://litfl.com/sulfa-drug-discombobulation/ https://litfl.com/sulfa-drug-discombobulation/#respond Mon, 07 Jan 2019 11:17:56 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=189531 Chris Nickson Sulfa Drug Discombobulation

Is it safe to give a patient frusemide if he has an allergy to sulfa drugs? Are you feeling slightly immunologically discombobulated? The answer's here.

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Traumatic Angioedema https://litfl.com/traumatic-angioedema/ https://litfl.com/traumatic-angioedema/#respond Mon, 07 Jan 2019 11:17:55 +0000 https://litfl.com/?p=189530 Mike Cadogan Traumatic Angioedema

A 33 year old caucasian female presented to the emergency department following minor trauma to her upper lip. Traumatic Angioedema?

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